Speech 101: Peer Review 101

Abstract

The abstract is a one paragraph summary of the main points in the article.

Introduction

The introduction presents the problems the paper will be looking at and presents a case for why the problems are worth studying.

Literature Review

The literature review puts the current study into context within the scholarly conversation as a whole.

Methodology

The methodology tells the user how the study was conducted. Ideally, this section gives enough detail that a reader could replicate the study (do it over again).

Results

The results are where the author presents their findings. Statistical analyses will be presented in this section if appropriate.

Discussion

The discussion section allows the author to place the results into context and interpret his or her findings.

Conclusions

The conclusions section helps move the research forward. Where does the scholarly conversation go from here.

References

The references bring all the sources of information used in the research into a list so you can go back and do further research of your own.

Citing/ethics

• Documentation of sources/background information/literature review (C&RL News)
• Are there any special ethical concerns arising from the use of human or other animal subjects? (Nature)

Research reported on

• Methodology (C&RL News)
• Analysis/Logic of argumentation (C&RL News)
• Are there other experiments or work that would strengthen the paper further? (Nature)

Paper/Writing

• Presentation (C&RL News)
• Who will be interested in reading the paper, and why? (Nature)
• How does the paper stand out from others in its field? (Nature)

Scholarly Communication

• Relevance to advancing knowledge in the field of academic librarianship (C&RL News)
• Is the paper likely to be one of the five most significant papers published in the discipline this year? (Nature)
• Are the claims appropriately discussed in the context of previous literature? (Nature)

Find sets of criteria for journals

• Nature
• PLOS Genetics
• International Journal of Design
• American Art

Use these steps to explore a research article

1. Look over the structure of the article

2. Read the abstract and conclusion to get the main ideas presented in the article

3. If you find something useful search the article for more information on that point

4. If you need more, read more sections starting with the discussion and results sections

See the video below for a slightly different presentation of how to read a scholarly article (length - 2:35)